Explosive-engine.



W. J. WRIGHT.

EXPLSIVE ENGINE.

APPLIUATION PILED FBBJ, 190e. BBHBWED rma. 27. 1911. 1,006, 1 68.

Patented Oct. 17, 1911 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES.'

W. J. WRIGHT.

BXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLIQATION FILED Imm, 190e. nmmwsn rn. 21, 1911.

Patented Oct. 17, 1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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er arronffm' W/INESSES: Jr/twat W. J. WRIGHT.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED PHIL?, 1906. RBRBWBD FEB. 27, i911. 1,006, 1 68.

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BXPLOSIVB ENGINE.

umarmen FILED 21:13.?, 190s. nmmwsn rm. 21. 1911.

1,006, 1 68. Patented ont. 1"?. 1911.

4 SHEBTSHEET 4.

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UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEFioE.

WILLIAM J. WRIGHT, OF FRANKLIN, PENNSYLVANIA.

EXPLOSIVE-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters atent.

Patented Oct. 17, 1911.

Application tlled February 7, 1906, Serial No. 299,897. Renewed February 21, 1911. Serial No. 611,234.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known thatI I, VILLIAM J. WRIGHT, residing at Franklin, in the county of Venango and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Explosive-llngines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in explosive engines of the compound'type embodying a pair of double acting two cycle high pressure engines and a third engine operable by the partially spent charges from the double acting two cycle engines, and means for connecting the several ports of the engines to gethcr so that the pump of one Yof the double acting two cycle engines Will cooperate with the working cylinders and pistons of the opposite double acting two cycle engine and vice versa.

lith other objects 4in view than have heretofore been specified, the invention coinprises certain novel construction, operation and arrangement of parts, allV of which will be first. described in detail and then be specically pointed out in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which, l'

Figure 1, is a top plan view of my invention. Fig. 2, is a vertical longitudinal section thereof on the line 2 2 of Fig. 3. Fig. 3, is a vertical cross section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 4, a diagrammatic view of the engine. Fig. 5, is a detail view of one of the slide valves for controlling the working agent feed for the high pressure engines. Fig. G, is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 5.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings in which like numerals and letters in dicate like parts in all of the figures, the high pressure engines are designated respectively by 1 and 2, and as each4 of the high pressure engines is of the same construction', a detail description of one of such engines Will suffice.

Each high pressure engine comprises a'.

working cylinder 3 provided with a coolingjacket 4 for a purpose presently explained. The cooling jacket 4 is provided with relief valves 5 `of any approved type, as the same per .vc form no part of my present. invention.

Each working cylinder of the high pressure en ines is provided with a pairof centrally isposed exhaustswand-A serving to discharge the partially spent mixture from cylinder.

the ends 8 and 9 respectively of the Working .pressure cylinder is also provided with a pair of centrally disposed Working agent inlets 13 and 14 for the ends 8 and 9 respectively of the working cylinder. Each high pressure engine also includes a pumping cylinder 16 in which the pumping piston 15 operates and the cylinder lf3 is in communication with the closed housing 17 forniing a housing .for the crank 18 on the drive shaft 19 to which the pitman rod 20 connects and the pitinan rod 20 also connects with the pump piston 15, as shown.

Each high pressure cylinder has its inlet ports 13-14 controlled hy a slide valve 21 shown in det il in Fig. 5, and the valve 21 operates in a suitable valve casing 22, as shown.

24 designate supplemental ports controlled by the valve 21, as shown. The valve 21 has ay pair of ports 25-25 which register with the ports 251--24 respectively attimes, and also register with the working agent inlet ports 2T-2T respectivel \Y that ,are in communication with the source of working agent supply through the opening 28 in the valve casing. The valve 21 is also provided with ports 26 to open communication between the ports 23 and 1.8 and the ports 24 and 14 at times.

29 designates a cross pipe which connects with the port. 23 of the valve ,that controls the inlet ports of the high pressure engine 1, connecting so as to communicate at times .with the chamber S of the engine 1 and the pipe 29 has its other cud connected with the chamber 31 of thc pump cylinder 16 cf the opposite high lpressure engine 2, as shown. The port 23 ofthe high pressure engine 2 connects through a pipe 32 to the chamber 33 of the pump cylinder 1G of the high pressure engine 1 as shown, it being understood that the end S of the working cylinder of the engine 1 is charged bythe chamber 314 of the pump c vliulcr 16 of the opposite engine 2, while the end 8 of the engine 2 is supplied from thc chamber of the engine 1, as shown. 34 designates another cross pipeA which has one endin communication with the chamber 334 ofthe These exhaust outlets (i and 7 of' pump cylinder 16 of the engine 2 and has its other e'nd in communication with the port 24 of the slide valve controlling the engine 1 so that the chamber 9 of the engine 1 is sup- ,5 plied from the chamber 33 of the pump of the engine 2. 35 designates another cross pipe connecting at one end with the chamber 31 of the pump cylinder 1G of the engine 1 and is connected at its other end through the port 24 of the slide valve controlling the engine 2 with the end 9 of the -working cylinder of the engine 2 so that thc end t) of the working cylinder of the engine 2 is supplied from the chamber 31 of the pump cy ncler 16 of the engine 1 as shown.

rl`he exhaust ports 6 and 7 of the engines l and 2 coumiunicate with a port 3G in the end 37 of the low pressure eylindorSS, which is suitably water jacketed at 39, as shown. The exhaust ports 6 and 7 of the engine 2 communicate with the port 40 of the low pressure cylinder 38 at the end 41' thereof, the port 36 opening into one end of the glow pressure cylinder, while the port 40 opens into the other end of the low pressure cylinder. Y

A low pressure piston 42 operates in the low pressure cylinder and has its piston rod 43 passing through a suitable stalling box 44 and connecting with the pitman rod 45 that joins with the crank 4G on the shaft 47 that carries a gear 48 which meshes with a master gear 49 on the drive shaft 19 of the engine, the gears 49 and 48 being so arranged thatthe shaft' 47 will revolve twice to every one revolution of the shaft 1 50-50 designate a pair of exhausts com municating with each end of the low l:pressure cylinder 38 in which ogtlet valves 51 are connected and these valves 51 discharge into a common discharge pipe 52 which enters through the outlet head 53, to atmosphere.

In the practical arrangement of my invention, one of the high pressure engines,

say the engine 2, is connected one-fourthrevolution, ofthe drive shaft in advance of the other high pressure engine 1, as shown diagranimatically in Fig. 4.

The valve 21=has a pair of elongated ports 26-26 Which,- during certain positions of the valve 21 open up communication` between the ports 23 and 13. respectivelyand between the'ports 14 and-21 at other times. The valve 21 connectswith an'operating rod 54 that extends toward the drive shaft' 19 'and isprotided withf a band that passes overna'cam 56 on the drive sh ft 19, it being .understoodthat the slide val ,21 of the engine2y is set one-fourth ahead of that of the engine 1 to cause the proper co-relative Qperat-ion to take place in a manner presently to be indicated.

`From the foregoingdscription, taken in connection with the der* ffaa'nying drawings it is thought the complete construction of the invent-ion Will'be readily understood, and by reference to Figs. 4 and of the drawings, the operation thereof can be best explained as follows: Assume the parts to be in the position shown in Fig. 4, the pistons 10 just having reached their position, and an explosion about tovtake place in the chamber 8 of thehigh pressure cylinder of the engine 1 to move its piston in the direction ot' the arrow and an explosion having already taken place in the chamber S of the high pressure cylinder of the iston 2, which .is moving its piston 1,0 in t e direction of the arrow. The partially spent mixture from the chamber 9 of the high pressure cylinder of the engine l has passed out through the port 7 of the engine 1 into the chamber 37 of the low ressure cylinder 38 and has moved the piston 42 to the position indicated in full lines in Fig. 4. As soon as the shaft ,19 has rotated if of a revolution until the point` 60 is on the line THT, the pump 15 of the engine 2 will begin forcing the charge from, the chamber 33 of the pump of the engine 2 through the pipe 34 and port 14 into the chamberif) of the high pressure cylinder of the engine 1 to take the place of the exploded mixture that 4 has passed into the low pressure cylinder, 95 the Valve 21 opening up communication between the Working agent inlet chamber 58 and the port 14 of the engine 1, and the port 14 of the engine 1 will remain in conimunication with the chamber 58 until the shaft 19 has rotated #E of a revolution from the starting position or until the point 60 has reached the line marked 1%. 'Just prior to the time the point G0 reaches the line marked in Fi 4, the piston 10 in the high pressure cylin er of the engine 1 will have closed the ort7 as well as the port 14 of the engine 1. Vhile the iston 10 of the engine 1 is moving from t ie iositiou shown in full lines in Fig. 1, throuffli the first quarter of its movement until tlie point 60 arrives on the line marked i, the piston 10 of the engine 2 `tvill have completed its stroke in one direcltiolit and the charge from the chamber 33 of the pump of the engine 2 will have been 115 forced into the chamber 9 of the engnel, 'lfhalpiston 42 cti"` the? low pressure engine will' also have completed its movement in the direction of the arrow and returlr to the position shown in Fig. 4 moving n the 120 direction o 'po'ste to the direction i the arrow infFlg. 4, the lov pressure piston-42 being moved from its extreme right hand position back to t e position shown ih Fig. i 4, by the explode mixture from theveh am- 125 ber 8 of the engine 2, which passes through the ports 6 and 4(1into the low pressure cylinder as soon as the port 6 is o cned up by the piston 10of the en 'ne 2. Rfter the plston 10 of the engine has covered its 130 ports 7 and 14, then the charge ahead of it will be compressed until the piston has reached the limit of its `stioke in (he direction of the arrow. AS soon as this occurs an explosion takes place in the chamber 'fi of the engine 1 and the piston 1() ot' the eugine 1 is moved in the direction opposite to the arrow in Fig. 4. No assume the parts to have moved through revolution of the Shaft l!) until the points (3() are ou the lines marked then the piston 10 ot' the engine 1 will be centrally located in its chamber, While the pistou t() ot (he engine 2 will he at the limit of its stroke in the direction olf the arrow. and the charge lt'roxn the chamber 33 of the engine 1 will he just about ready to be forced into the chamber H of the engine to take the place of the exploded charge which has paas-ed from such cham ber H into the chamber 41 oi the low pres sure cylinder. As the parts' continue their movementy through f2, of a revolution of the shaft' 19 frointhe position shown in Fig. 4, then the valve 21 oi the engine 2 will open up communication between the pipe Si! and the end ti of the high pressure cylinder ot the engine l and such valve will remain in a position to permit connnuiiication between the pipe 25". and the port 1S of the engine L. through one more eighth revolution o1' the shaft 19 or in other words, until the shaft 1.) has rotated 7,2', revolution trom (he posin tion shown in Fig. l. or until the point (3() ia on the line marked 5 aud just prior to the shaft'` l(i having completed of its revolution. the piston 1() ot the engine 2 will hare closed otl" the port l of its cylinder and the charge in the chamber t4 ot' (he cnginc t. will lic e-unpressiug at the same time the charge ot' the chamber .l ot' the engine l will have exploded and lie l'oreing the pis ton lll o1' the engine 1 in the direction opposite to that indicated b v the arrow cour preseing a charge in the chamber H of the engine t ahead ot the piston t(l. After the parts have moved [1, oi' a revolution oi' the ishut( 151 tront the position shown in Fig. il, until the point l() arrives on the line marked fl., the pump piston l5 of the engine 1 will liegin forcing the new charge 'from the chamber 211 ot the engine 1 into the chamber J of the engine 2 prior to the ports l-t ol the engine Z being closed by the piston l() as just mentioned. The piston -l of the low pressure cylinder on its return movement. in either direction after the pistou 1() has eut. otl" communicatiou with the ports and i', forces the spent mixturil from the chambers 3T and it respectively out through the out.- lets't) and valves 31 `and eoinuion discharge 5;)53 to the atmosphere.

The valve 21 is so arranged that communication is effected between the chamber 5S of the valve in which the working agent is led from the Source of supply, and the ports A .ma

2B-24 at proper intervals, so that the pumping pistons 15 can draw in neweharges of working agent into the respective chambers :Bl and 33 after they have pumped out the prior charge into the working Cylinder of the high pressure engines, as will be clearly understood by reference to diagrammatic Fig. lv, and the detail figure, Fig. 5.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that I first pump a working charge into one end ot' the high pressure cylinder of one of the high pressure engines by the pump connected with the other high pressure engine, then compress such mixture, then explode the saine to operate the piston, then ex iaust said exploded charge into the low pressure cylinder to expend its residu-.il energy on the low pressure piston to more the low pressure piston and then exhaust said spent charge from the low pressure eylinder to the atmosphere, the saine cycle of operationstaking place at each end of each high pressure cylinder in regular order, as will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains.

By reference to the drawings, and particulai-ly to Figs. 4 and 3, it will be noticed that the jacket t around the high pressure cylinders is divided centrally hy a solidweb and each end ot' the jacket 4 is respectively in communication with the respective ports 13 and tt so that when the new charge 0f workingr agent is pumped to the high pressure cylinder it will enter the jacket 4 at the respective end to which it is pumped and serve to cool the cylinder, the charge also entering the working chamber as also clearly understood by reference to the drawings.

To compensate for any ex )lesions of the working agent within the jaeiliet` 4, I provide relief valve f. before mentioned.

B v the use otmy engine, I ain enabled to obtain lt impulses during two complete revolutions ot` the main Crank shaft from the three cylinders, while with the ordinary type ot' three cylinder four-eyele engine, as now on the market, only three impulses are obtained during two complete revolutions of the main crank shaft.

'hen I speak ot' a one stroke cycle engine, in this specification. I desire it understood that I mean an engine whereiny an explosion oreuis at each reeiproeation 0r stroke ot' the piston.

Front the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying 'drawings, it is thought the complete construction, operation and many advantages of my in- `"ention will he readily apparent to those skilled in the art to which 1t appertains.

lVhat I claim is:-

t. In an apparatus ot' the class described, a pair of double acting two cycle high pressure explosive engines, pumps connected in tandem with each of said engines, connections between one of said pumps and a working cylinder of the opposite engine and vice versa, of a single low pressure engine operable by the exhaust from the cylinders of each of said high pressure engines, and means for controlling the admission of working agent to said engines.

2. A compound internal combustion engine comprising the combination with a pair of double acting tivo cycle high pressure engines and their pumps, of a double acting low pressure engine operable by the exhaust from the 4high pressure engines, substantially as shown and described.

3. In an internal combustion engine, two double acting two cycle high pressure engines, a single double acting low pressure engine, port connections between said engines, and means for controlling the admission and exhausting of Working agent to said engines to obtain eight impulses during each revolution of lthe engine shaft, substantially as shown and described.

4. A compound engine comprising in combination with a pair of high pressure engines and a pair of pumps one operated by each high pressure engine, cross connectionsbetween the pump operated by one yhigh pressure engine and the Working cylinder of the other high pressure engine and vice versa, of La low Ypressure engine and means for operatingsaid low pressure engine from the exhaust charge from the high pressure engines.

5. In a compound gas engine, the combination with a pair of high pressure engines and their pumps, of a low pressure engine operable by the exhaust charge of the high pressure tngines, and means for feeding the working agent into the hioh pressure cylinders from the pump of tie opposite engines, substantially as shown and described.

6. An engine of the class described, comprising in combination with a pair of high pressure cylinders and their` pistons, of a` low pressure cylinder and its piston, a pump connecting with each high pressure engine, means for admitting working agent into the pumps, and means for conveying the working agent from the pumps to the Working cylinders of the opposite engines, piston controlled means for feeding the exhaust from the high pressure cylinders into the low pressure cylinder to operate the low pressure piston.

7. An engine of the class described, comprising in combination with a pair of high pressure cylinders and their istons, of a 60 low pressure cylinder and its piston, arpump connecting with each high pressure cylinder,rmeans for admitting wor ring agent into the .pumps and means for conveying the `Working agent from the pumps to the work- 65 ing cylinders of the opposite engines, pis- `agent into the pumps, substantially as shown and described.

8,. In an engine of the class described, the combination with a pair of high pressure cylinders and their pistons, of a low pressure cylinder and its piston, said high pressure cylinders having piston controlled exhausts in communication with the low pressure cylinder and having valve controlled inlet ports, a pump connected with each of said high pressure cylinders, with its piston connected with the high pressure piston, means for admitting working agent. into said pump and means for conveying the Working agent from the pump to the valve controlled inlet ports of the high pressure cylinders.

9.' n an engine of the class described, the combination with a pair of high pressure cylinders and their pistons, of a low pressure cylinder and its piston, said high pressure cylinders having piston controlled exhausts in communication with the low pressure cylinder and having valve controlled inlet ports, a pump connected with each of said high pressure cylinders, with its piston connected with the high pressure piston, means for admitting Working agent into said pump 100 and means for conveying the Working ag'ent from the pump to the valve controlled inlet ports of the high pressure cylinders, and a picket surrounding said hig* pressure cylindersk in communication with the inlet 105 ports thereof to receive a fresh working agent to cool the cylinders, substantially as shown and described.

10. In an engine of the class described, the combination ot' a pair of high pressure 110 cylinders and their pistons, ot a low pressure cylinder and its piston, said high pressure cylinders haring pistou controlled exhausts in communication with the lou' pressure cylinder and having valve controlled inlet 115 ports, a pump connected with each of said high pressure cylinders, with its piston connected with the high pressure piston, means for admitting working agent into said pump and means for conveying the working agent 120 from the pump to the valve controlled inlet ports of the high pressure cylinders, a jacket surrounding said high pressure cylinders in communication with the inlet ports thereofl toA receivev the fresh working agent to cool 125 the cylinders and relief valves for said jackets, substantially as shown and delscribed. Y

11. ln an engine ol the class described, the combination with a pair of high presi 130 sure cylinders, and a high pressure piston operable in each of saidcylinders, of a low pressure cylinder, a low pressure piston operable Within said low pressure cylinder, said low pressure cylinder having valve controlled exhausts, said high pressure cylinder having outlets in communicatin with inlets of the high pressure cylinder,`1neans for opening up communication between the high pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder to admit the exhausted charge from the high pressure cylinders into the low pressure cylinder to operate the low pressure piston, and means for admitting working agent into the high pressure cylinders to blow out the expanded mixture at times, and a crank shaft coperatively connected with all of said pistons, substantially as shown and described.

12. In an engine of the class described, the combination With a pair of high pres-sure cylinders and their pistons, of a low pressure cylinder and its piston, said high pressure cylinders having piston controlled ontlets in communication with inlets in the low pressure cylinder, said low pressure cylinder having valve controlled exhausts, of means for forcingr 'orking agent into said high pressure cylind'ers to force out the exploded mixture after the piston controlled outlets of the high pre-*sure cylinders have been opened by the high pressure pistons and the exhausted charge has spent its cnergy on the high pressure piston, and a crank shaft coperatively connected with all of said pistons, substantially as shown and described.

13. In a gas engine of the class described, a. pair of high pressure cylinders, a pair of high pressure pistons operable Within said high pressure cylinders, a low pressure cyl-- inder, a low pressure piston operable within said low pressure cylinder, a crunk shaft common to both of said high pressure pistons, a crank for operating said low pressure pistons and gear connections between said crank shaft and said low pressure piston crank to reciprocate the low pressure piston twice to every one reciprocation of each high pressure piston, means for forcing working agent into the high pressure cylinders, at times, and means for opening up communication between the high pressure cylinders and the low pressure cylinders at times, substantially as shown and described.

14. In a gas engine of the class described, a pair of high pressure cylinders, a pair of high pressure pistons operable within said high pressure cylinders, a low pressure cylinder, a low pressure piston operable within said low pressure cylinder, a .crank shaft common to both of said high pressure pistons, a crank for operating said low pressure pistons and gear connections between said 5 crank shaft and said low pressure piston crank to reciprocate the 10W pressure piston twice to every one reciprocation of each high pressure piston, means for forcin working agent into the high pressure cy inders at times, means for opening up communication between the high pressure cylinders and the loW pressure cylinder at times, and prior to the. admission of a new charge of working agent to the high pressure cylinders to permit the partially spent charge from the high pressure cylinders to expend itself on the low pressure piston substantially as shown und described.

15. An engine of the class described, oomprising a pair of high pressure cylinders, high pressure pistons operable within said cylinders, a pump cylinder' connected in tandem with each of said pistons, Va pump piston o )erable in each of said pump cylinders au connected in tandem with the respective high pressure pistons, a crank shaft, a pitman connecting each of said pump pistous to said crank shaft, said high pressure cylinders having piston controlled exhaust ports and having inlet ports, one of said pump cylinders having communication with the inlet ports of the opposite high pressure cylinder, and the other pump cylinder having ports in communication Wlth the inlet ports of the other high pressure cylinder, a valve for each of said high pressure cyliuders, having provisions for controlling the,

communication 4between the pump and the high pressure cylinder and having provisions for controlling the communication between the pump and the source of working agent supply, a low pressure cylinder having ports in communication with the exhaust ports of the high pressure cylinders, and having valve controlled exhaust ports, a low pressure piston operable in said low pressure cylinder, said low pressure piston being cpcratively connected with said drive shaft, all being arranged substantially as shown and described.

16. An engine of the class described, comprising a pair of high pressure cylinders having piston controlled exhausts, of a high pressure piston operable within each of said high pressure cylinders, of a low pressure cylinder having inlet ports in communication with the exhaust ports of the high pressure cylinder, and having valve controlled exhaust ports, a low pressure piston operable within said low pressure cylinder, said high pressure cylinders having valve controlled inlet ports, a pump cylinder connected in tandem with each of said high pressure cylinders, a pump piston in each of said pump cylinders connected in tandem with each of said high pressure pistons, one of said pump cylinders having ports in oommunication with the inlet ports of the opposite high pressure cylinder and the other pump cylinder having .communication with the inlet ports of the other high pressurv crunk shaft for cach of said pump pistons,

cylinder, :L working agent inlet for each of said low pressure piston being coperatively said pumps, a valve for euch of said high i connected with said crunk shaft, all being pressure cylinders for controlling the :ularranged substantially as shown and dc- 5 mission of Working agent thereto, said 'valve scribed.

being in communcaion with the source of Y s working agent supply and having provi- VILLIAM J' WRHJHL sions in Virtue of which the feed of worki W ltnesses:

ing agent to thepump is controlled, a crank ALBERT E. Dmrrzlucn,

10 shaft, pitmnn connections between said Joux 'I. bouno'r'r. 

